Article topic: Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia Author: Sarah Mahfouz, Ziad Azar Editors: Lubna AL-Rawabdeh Reviewer: Ethar Hazaimeh keywords: Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia, medial longitudinal fasciculus, lateral gaze, multiple sclerosis, brainstem infarction. Overview Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a visual disorder most prevalent in the elderly population, often associated with a history of multiple sclerosis (MS) or brainstem infarction. INO results from damage to the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MFL), a bundle of nerves located in the brainstem, specifically in the paramedian area between the midbrain and pons. This disorder is characterized by a lateral horizontal visual impairment, marked by deficient adduction in one eye, the one adjacent […]