Article Topic: Adrenergic Antagonist Author: Mohammad Khader Altal. Scientific Editor: Yazan S. Al-Zamer, Ethar Hazaimeh Keywords: Postganglionic, sympathetic, neurotransmitter, dopamine, receptors. Overview Adrenergic receptors are found mainly on most of the postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) except sweat glands. They bind several neurotransmitters which include: Epinephrine(EN), NorEpinephrine(NE), and Dopamine, and all these neurotransmitters activate it. These receptors are divided into: Alpha-Adrenergic receptors: which are subdivided into Alpha-1 and Alpha-2. Beta-Adrenergic receptors: which are subdivided into Beta-1, Beta-2, and Beta-3. Each one of these receptors has a specific location and function summarized in this table below: Adrenergic antagonist […]

Article Topic: The Autonomic Nervous System Author: Mohammad Khader Altal Scientific Editor: Marah Bassam Akhdar Keywords: Autonomic, Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, Enteric Nervous System Overview and History: The autonomic nervous system is part of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has (afferent, connector, efferent) neurons. The afferent neurons transmit the sensation from the visceral receptor to the CNS where it is transmitted by connector neurons and then the efferent neurons carry the signals to the visceral effector. It is divided into three parts: The sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous system(gut brain). Both sympathetic and parasympathetic opposite each other in the effect […]

Article Topic: Cholinergic Agonists Author: Mohammad Khader Altal Keyword: Cholinergic, Nicotinic, Muscarinic, Agonist Scientific Editor: Marah Bassam Akhdar Linguistic Editor: Overview: Cholinergic receptors are the receptors that bind the neurotransmitter Ach. They are the main receptors on the preganglionic fiber of both SNS & PSNS and on the postganglionic fiber of the PSNS. Also, they are found at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscles and the postganglionic neuron of sweat glands which are part of the SNS. Cholinergic receptors are divided into two types: Nicotinic & Muscarinic. They differ in their location, formation, and function but they both bind Ach. […]