Article topic: Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Author: Ihda Mahmoud Bani Khalaf Editor: Sadeen Eid Reviewer: Ethar Hazaimeh Keywords: Obstructive, Sleep Disorder, Apnea, Psychiatry   Overview A sleep disorder called obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by frequent episodes of the airway becoming completely or partially blocked while a person is asleep. (1) It happens when there are frequent episodes of upper airway obstruction and collapses while you’re sleeping coupled with arousals that may or may not cause oxygen desaturations. The oropharynx in the back of the throat collapses as a result of these OSA events, causing arousal, oxygen desaturation, or both, […]

Article topic: Central Sleep Apnea Author: Ihdaa Mahmoud Bani Khalaf Editor: Hala Qaryouti Keywords: Apnea, Sleep Disorders, Pathophysiology, Psychiatry, Diagnosis, Treatment   Overview Central sleep apnea (CSA) is an intermittent repetitive cessation and/or reduction in breathing without respiratory effort, due to an abnormal ventilatory drive (1). It is one of the four sleep-related breathing disorders, which also include obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), sleep-related hypoventilation disorders, and sleep-related hypoxemia disorders (2). Although almost 5 times less prevalent than OSA(2), CSA accounts for about 5-10% of sleep medicine patients in clinics(1). It has been gaining massive interest in the field of sleep […]