Article topic: Parkinson’s Disease Author: Kafa Al-Zoubi Editors: Yazan S. Al-Zamer, Ethar Hazaimeh Keywords: Parkinson’s disease (PD), PARK7 (Parkinsonism Associated Deglycase), LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2), PINK1 (PTENinduced putative kinase 1), SNA( alpha-synuclein)   Overview Parkinson’s disease(PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative movement disease with early prominent death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) (1), The second most common disease of neurodegeneration after Alzheimer’s disease is Parkinson’s disease(2). The disease was first identified in 1817 by a British physician named James Parkinson who described it in “An Essay on the Shaking Palsy”(3). As a consequence of […]

Article Topic: Multiple Sclerosis Author: Kafa Al-Zoubi Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis (MS), B cells, Pathogenesis, Classification Scientific Editor: Marah Bassam Akhdar Linguistic Editor: Noor AlOsta. Definition Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system in which oligodendrocytes are damaged and neuronal function is progressively lost (1). It is characterized by transient and frequent episodes of inflammation that result in demyelination and subsequent damage of the underlying axons in the brain, optic nerve, and spinal cord (2). The word sclerosis is derived from the Greek word “skleros”, meaning hard, and “Multiple” refers to the many different parts […]

  Article topic: Brain Hemorrhage Author: Kafa Alzoubi Editors : Yazan Zamer Keywords: hematoma, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma(SDH), chronic subdural hematoma(CSDH)   Hematoma Hematoma is a localized collection of blood and can occur anywhere in the body. It is derived from Greek roots (heme) means blood and (oma) means process but as the pathological term indicates a mass. It can be spontaneous due to coagulation disorders or anticoagulant therapy and can be secondary to trauma or surgery. Hematoma may be hyperacute or persistent in length and therefore its internal contents range from fresh hemorrhage to chronic breakdown products of hemoglobin (such […]